On this page, We are going to learn about the full form of RNA and the meaning of RNA, As well as the meaning, definition, abbreviation, and acronym for RNA in different categories. So you should read this post till the end.
The Full Form of RNA: Ribo-Nucleic Acid
RNA Stands for Ribo-Nucleic Acid. RNA is a type of nucleic acid, which is directly involved in protein synthesis. RNA is present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. but in the plant, it is present in the mitochondria and their cells.
RNA was discovered by Severo, Ocova, Robert Hawley, and Carl Vasse. RNA is made up of 4 chemical substances adenine, guanine, uracil, and thymine.
What are the different types of RNA
- One of the most important functions of RNA is to copy the gene and carry it to the next generation.
- it also stores and transfers genetic information to the next generation
- helping to deliver other genetic material to cells
- Connecting and repairing different types of proteins
What are the different types of RNA
Mainly, there are three types of RAN (Ribo-Nucleic Acid)
- (i) m-RNA
- (ii) r-RNA
- (iii) t-RNA
(i) m-RNA (Messenger RNA)
It is also called messenger RNA, it carries the message given by DNA to the ribosome. Which protein to make is carried by DNA to the ribosome with the help of m-RNA.
(ii) r-RNA (Ribosomal RNA)
It is also called ribosomal RNA, its job is to read the message from m-RNA and make proteins accordingly.
(iii) t-RNA (Transfer RNA)
It is also called transfer RNA. The job of t-RNA is to transfer amino acids to the RNA through the code, depending on the code, in which the amino acid has been constructed.
Difference Between DNA and RNA
| DNA | RNA |
|---|---|
| DNA means deoxyribonucleic acid | RNA means ribonucleic acid. |
| DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, | The sugar in RNA is ribose. |
| DNA is mainly found in the nucleus, | RNA is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. |
| DNA consists of bases – adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, | In RNA, the base thymine is replaced by uracil. |
| DNA stores and transfers genetic information to generate new cells and organisms | RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome to make proteins and to carry the guidelines for the DNA blueprint. |
| DNA is a double-stranded molecule, | RNA is a single-stranded molecule. |
| DNA reproduces by itself | RNA can be extracted from DNA if needed. |
| DNA can be damaged by ultraviolet rays. | Ultraviolet rays have no effect on RNA. |
| DNA has base-pairing AT and GC but | The base pairing of RNA is AU and GC. |
| Most of the DNA is contained in the nucleus, | RNA is embedded in ribosomes. |
| DNA conducts genetic activities, | RNA helps in the selection of amino acids carrying various orders outside the nucleus and helps in protein synthesis. |
| The life span of DNA is long. | RNA has a short life |