Periodic Table of Elements Name, Symbol, Groups and Blocks

The periodic table is a set of 118 chemical elements, organized by their atomic properties. It contains 118 elements, with each element having a unique atomic number and atomic weight. A periodic table is a tool for organizing and understanding the chemical elements and is a fundamental component of chemistry and other sciences. The periodic table gives us the name, symbol, atomic number, and a number of nuclei as well as the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons, using this to know the properties, nature, and electronic configuration of elements.

What is a Periodic Table of Elements in chemistry?

The periodic table is a table of the chemical elements, arranged in a grid pattern by atomic number, with each element being represented by a unique symbol. The names and symbols of all the chemical elements can be found in the first column of the table.

The remaining columns contain the atomic properties, or properties of the elements, which are determined by their atomic mass and by the specific combination of electrons in their outer shell, which is known as the valence electron configuration.

The properties of the elements in the periodic table can be used to categorize them as metals, nonmetals, metalloids, or nonmetals with an outermost shell of electrons that are unable to form chemical compounds with other atoms.

History of Periodic Table in chemistry

It is the most important question about the periodic table in chemistry is who is inventing the periodic table? Or What is the history of the periodic table. There is a lot of history and facts behind the periodic table invention, it is important for us to know.

Mendeleev is the first Russian chemist who presented the elements in the form of a table in 1869. Therefore Mendeleev is known as the father of the periodic table. According to Mendeleev, the physical and chemical properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses, that is, if the elements are placed in the order of increasing atomic mass, then those elements which have similar properties come after a certain period of time.

After the discovery of 118 elements, scientists and researchers started having difficulty in studying the properties of elements and their properties. For this, the scientists classified the elements and invented the periodic table. if History of Periodic Table

• The history of the periodic table begins in the 18th century, a chemist Lavoisier classified all these elements into two groups named Metal and Non-metal. Lavoisier’s periodic table was the ordinary periodic table of the 18th century.
• In 1864 – 65, Lothar Meyer and John Newlands classified the tables of elements according to their properties.
• the father of the modern periodic table is known as Dmitri Mendeleev who invention of the modern periodic table in 1869.
• Whereas according to some known sources “Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois” had discovered the method of arranging elements in a table by atomic weight five years before the invention of Dimitri Mendeleev. But, Dmitri Mendeleev is known as the “father of the periodic table”.
• According to Mendeleev, “The physical and chemical properties of elements are the periodic function of their atomic masses.” In short, if the elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic mass, then after a time the number of elements There is a repetition of physical and chemical properties.
• The periodic table of Mendeleev is only 8 groups. Because at that time inert gases were not discovered, after the discovery of inert gases, the 9th class was added and All the inert gases were kept in this 9th category.

What is The modern periodic table?

The credit for arranging the elements in the modern periodic table goes to “Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev”. Later, a periodic table was also made by “Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley” by correcting some errors. The modern periodic table has seven (7) horizontal rows called periods. and contains 18 vertical columns, which are called groups.

In the modern periodic table, the elements are placed in ascending order of atomic number.
A total of 118 known elements have been included in this periodic table. Only inert gases are placed in group 18 of the periodic table.

Who invented the modern periodic table?

The modern periodic table was invented by Henry Moseley in 1913. He had classified the elements in increasing order of atomic number. According to the modern periodic law, the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of the atomic numbers of the elements. That is, if the elements are arranged according to the increasing atomic number, then the elements with similar properties are repeated,

Periodic Table 118 Elements Name and Symbol List

The periodic table is one of the most important inventions in science. all discover 118 chemical elements arranged in the table according to their properties. well, in the belove section a complete 118 Elements Periodic Table with Atomic Mass, Periodic Table with Valence.

How many parts are in the periodic table

On the basis of valence electrons, the periodic table is divided into 18 groups, 7 periods, and four blocks. There are 118 known elements in the periodic table, and it is categorized as these elements in the 18 groups, 7 periods, and four blocks. well, let’s understand what is a Group, Period, and block in the periodic table.

what is a Group in the periodic table?

The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups. there are 18 groups in the modern periodic table. But there were 7 periods and 8 groups in Mendeleev’s periodic table. The number of electrons in the outermost orbitals of atoms and the number of protons in the nucleus increase as you move from left to right in the periodic table. The ability of an atom to lose an electron decreases also.

what is a Period in the periodic table?

The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as periods. and there are 7 periods in the modern periodic table. The periodic table is organized into periods, which are sections based on the number of electrons each element contains. The first period of the periodic table is the group 1 elements, which contain one or two electrons in their outermost shells.

what is a Block in the periodic table?

A block is a group of atoms that share a common characteristic, such as chemical properties, atomic number, or crystal structure. Blocks are also called periods. there are 4 Blocks in the periodic table.

• S-Block – groups 1 and 2
• P-Block – groups 13 to 18
• D-Block – groups 3 to 12
• F-Block – Lanthanide and Actinide

The elements in a block share similar chemical behavior and tend to have similar properties and characteristics. The four known blocks are the noble gases, the transition metals, the periodic table, and the elements of the periodic table in order to noble gases.

S Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

In the modern periodic table, The elements of Group 1 and Group 2 are called S-block elements. these elements are Soft Metals, Possess Low Melting And Boiling Points, Have The Largest Atomic Radius In Their Corresponding Periods. these are all S Block Elements that are Good Conductors Of Heat And Electricity. They Have Low Values Of Ionization Energies And Are Hence Highly Electropositive. There are 14 elements are present in S-block that is Following

• Hydrogen (H)
• Lithium (Li)
• Helium (He)
• Sodium (Na)
• Beryllium (Be)
• Potassium (K)
• Magnesium (Mg)
• Rubidium (Rb)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Cesium (Cs)
• Strontium (Sr)
• Francium (Fr)
• Barium (Ba)
• Radium (Ra)

D Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

The elements present in the third to the twelfth group in the modern periodic table are called D Block Elements. The D-Block Elements Are known as Transition Metals. these are categorized into four columns

• 3d- Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn
• 4d- Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd
• 5d- La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg
• 6d- incomplete.

P Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

P block elements are present from the 13th to 18th group in the periodic table. P block elements whose atomic number increases with the addition of electrons to the p-subshells of their outer shell are called p-block elements. The elements in the p-block of the periodic table include metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Metals element list in the periodic table

Non-Metals element list in the periodic table

Metalloids element listed in the periodic table

F-Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

The place of the elements of the f block is in the third group of the periodic table and these elements are found in the sixth and seventh periods. F Block is divided into two categories i) Lanthanoid ii) Actinoid. let’s learn about F-Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

(I) Lanthanoid series list:  14 elements are included in this series, this table is also called lanthanon. And the first element of this series is Lanthanum (La). That’s why they are called lanthanide elements. The list of lanthanide elements is given below.

• Lanthanum
• Cerium
• Praseodymium
• Neodymium
• Promethium
• Samarium
• Europe
• Gadolinium
• Terbium
• Dysprosium
• Holmium
• Erbium
• Thulium
• Ytterbium
• Lutetium

(ii) Actinoid series:  14 elements are also found in this series. Actinium (Ac) is placed first in this table, hence it is called the actinoid element or element of actinon series. 

• Actinium (Ac)
• Thorium (Th)
• Protactinium (Pa)
• Uranium (U)
• Neptunium (Np)
• Plutonium (Pu)
• Americium (Am)
• Curium (Cm)
• Berkelium (Bk)
• Californium (Cf)
• Einsteinium (It)
• Fermium (Fm)
• Mendelevium (Md)
• Nobel Prize (No)
• Lawrencium (Lr)

What is the Noble Gases in Periodic Table

Noble gases are placed in the 18th group in the periodic table. All these gases are odorless, colorless, and have very little chemical reactivity.

• Helium (He)
• Neon (No)
• Argon (Ar)
• Krypton (Kr)
• Xenon (Vehicle)
• Radon (Rn)
• Oganesson (Og)

What are the uses of the periodic table in chemistry

The periodic table is one of the most famous discoveries in the history of science, the periodic table is a map of all the elements, arranged in a system that shows their properties and how they are related. The table was a breakthrough in the field of chemistry, which used to be a field of alchemy, and it revolutionized the study of matter.

The periodic table was the work of a few people, but it was the result of decades of research and experimentation. The table was a culmination of all this work, and it has helped scientists understand and treat disease, discover new materials, and build modern technology.

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