Periodic Table of Elements Name, Symbol, Groups and Blocks

The periodic table is a set of 118 chemical elements, organized by their atomic properties. It contains 118 elements, with each element having a unique atomic number and atomic weight. A periodic table is a tool for organizing and understanding the chemical elements and is a fundamental component of chemistry and other sciences. The periodic table gives us the name, symbol, atomic number, and a number of nuclei as well as the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons, using this to know the properties, nature, and electronic configuration of elements.

What is a Periodic Table of Elements in chemistry?

The periodic table is a table of the chemical elements, arranged in a grid pattern by atomic number, with each element being represented by a unique symbol. The names and symbols of all the chemical elements can be found in the first column of the table.

The remaining columns contain the atomic properties, or properties of the elements, which are determined by their atomic mass and by the specific combination of electrons in their outer shell, which is known as the valence electron configuration.

The properties of the elements in the periodic table can be used to categorize them as metals, nonmetals, metalloids, or nonmetals with an outermost shell of electrons that are unable to form chemical compounds with other atoms.

History of Periodic Table in chemistry

It is the most important question about the periodic table in chemistry is who is inventing the periodic table? Or What is the history of the periodic table. There is a lot of history and facts behind the periodic table invention, it is important for us to know.

Mendeleev is the first Russian chemist who presented the elements in the form of a table in 1869. Therefore Mendeleev is known as the father of the periodic table. According to Mendeleev, the physical and chemical properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses, that is, if the elements are placed in the order of increasing atomic mass, then those elements which have similar properties come after a certain period of time.

After the discovery of 118 elements, scientists and researchers started having difficulty in studying the properties of elements and their properties. For this, the scientists classified the elements and invented the periodic table. if History of Periodic Table

• The history of the periodic table begins in the 18th century, a chemist Lavoisier classified all these elements into two groups named Metal and Non-metal. Lavoisier’s periodic table was the ordinary periodic table of the 18th century.
• In 1864 – 65, Lothar Meyer and John Newlands classified the tables of elements according to their properties.
• the father of the modern periodic table is known as Dmitri Mendeleev who invention of the modern periodic table in 1869.
• Whereas according to some known sources “Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois” had discovered the method of arranging elements in a table by atomic weight five years before the invention of Dimitri Mendeleev. But, Dmitri Mendeleev is known as the “father of the periodic table”.
• According to Mendeleev, “The physical and chemical properties of elements are the periodic function of their atomic masses.” In short, if the elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic mass, then after a time the number of elements There is a repetition of physical and chemical properties.
• The periodic table of Mendeleev is only 8 groups. Because at that time inert gases were not discovered, after the discovery of inert gases, the 9th class was added and All the inert gases were kept in this 9th category.

What is The modern periodic table?

The credit for arranging the elements in the modern periodic table goes to “Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev”. Later, a periodic table was also made by “Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley” by correcting some errors. The modern periodic table has seven (7) horizontal rows called periods. and contains 18 vertical columns, which are called groups.

In the modern periodic table, the elements are placed in ascending order of atomic number.
A total of 118 known elements have been included in this periodic table. Only inert gases are placed in group 18 of the periodic table.

Who invented the modern periodic table?

The modern periodic table was invented by Henry Moseley in 1913. He had classified the elements in increasing order of atomic number. According to the modern periodic law, the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of the atomic numbers of the elements. That is, if the elements are arranged according to the increasing atomic number, then the elements with similar properties are repeated,

Periodic Table 118 Elements Name and Symbol List

The periodic table is one of the most important inventions in science. all discover 118 chemical elements arranged in the table according to their properties. well, in the belove section a complete 118 Elements Periodic Table with Atomic Mass, Periodic Table with Valence.

No.	Name Symbol Property	Atomic number & mass	Group, Period, Block	Shell structure
1	Name- Hydrogen Symbol- H Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 1 Atomic mass- 1.008	Group-1 Period-1 Block-S	1
2	Name- Helium Symbol- He Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 2 Atomic mass- 4.002602	Group-18 Period-1 Block-p	2
3	Name- lithium Symbol- Li Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 3 Atomic mass- 6.94	Group-1 Period-2 Block-s	2.1
4	Name- Beryllium Symbol- Be Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 4 Atomic mass- 9.0121831	Group-2 Period-2 Block-s	2.2
5	Name- Boron Symbol- B Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 5 Atomic mass- 10.81	Group-13 Period-2 Block-p	2.3
6	Name- Carbon Symbol- C Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 6 Atomic mass- 12.011	Group-14 Period-2 Block-p	2.4
7	Name- Nitrogen Symbol- N Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 7 Atomic mass- 14.007	Group-15 Period-2 Block-p	2.5
8	Name- Oxygen Symbol- O Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 8 Atomic mass- 15.999	Group-16 Period-2 Block-p	2.6
9	Name- Fluorine Symbol- F Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 9 Atomic mass- 18.998403163	Group-17 Period-2 Block-p	2.7
10	Name- Neon Symbol- Ne Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 10 Atomic mass- 20.1797	Group-18 Period-2 Block-p	2.8
11	Name- Sodium Symbol- Na Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 11 Atomic mass- 22.98976928	Group-1 Period-3 Block-s	2.8.1
12	Name- Magnesium Symbol- Mg Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 12 Atomic mass- 24.305	Group-2 Period-3 Block-s	2.8.2
13	Name- Aluminum Symbol- Al Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 13 Atomic mass- 26.9815385	Group-13 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.3
14	Name- Silicon Symbol- Si Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 14 Atomic mass- 28.085	Group-14 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.4
15	Name- Phosphorus Symbol- P Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 15 Atomic mass- 30.973761998	Group-15 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.5
16	Name- Sulfur Symbol- S Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 16 Atomic mass- 32.06	Group-16 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.6
17	Name- Chlorine Symbol- Cl Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 17 Atomic mass- 35.45	Group-17 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.7
18	Name- Argon Symbol- Ar Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number-18 Atomic mass- 39.948	Group-18 Period-3 Block-p	2.8.8
19	Name- Potassium Symbol- K Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 19 Atomic mass- 39.0983	Group-1 Period-4 Block-s	2.8.8.1
20	Name- Calcium Symbol- Ca Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 20 Atomic mass- 40.078	Group-2 Period-4 Block-s	2.8.8.2
21	Name- Scandium Symbol- Sc Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 21 Atomic mass- 44.955908	Group-3 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.9.2
22	Name- titanium Symbol- Ti Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 22 Atomic mass- 47.867	Group-4 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.10.2
23	Name- Vanadium Symbol- V Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 23 Atomic mass- 50.9415	Group-5 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.11.2
24	Name- Chromium Symbol- Cr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 24 Atomic mass- 51.9961	Group-6 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.13.1
25	Name- manganese Symbol- Mn Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 25 Atomic mass- 54.938044	Group-7 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.13.2
26	Name- Iron Symbol- Fe Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 26 Atomic mass- 55.845	Group-8 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.14.2
27	Name- Cobalt Symbol- Co Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 27 Atomic mass- 58.933194	Group-9 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.15.2
28	Name- Nickel Symbol- Ni Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 28 Atomic mass- 58.6934	Group-10 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.16.2
29	Name- Copper Symbol- Cu Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 29 Atomic mass- 63.546	Group-11 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.18.1
30	Name- Zinc Symbol-Zn Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 30 Atomic mass- 65.38	Group-12 Period-4 Block-d	2.8.18.2
31	Name- gallium Symbol- Ga Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 31 Atomic mass- 69.723	Group-13 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.3
32	Name- Germanium Symbol- Ge Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 32 Atomic mass- 72.630	Group-14 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.4
33	Name- Arsenic Symbol- As Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 33 Atomic mass- 74.921595	Group-15 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.5
34	Name- Selenium Symbol- Se Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 34 Atomic mass- 78.971	Group-16 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.6
35	Name- Bromine Symbol- Br Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 35 Atomic mass- 79.904	Group-17 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.7
36	Name- Krypton Symbol- Kr Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 36 Atomic mass- 83.798	Group-18 Period-4 Block-p	2.8.18.8
37	Name-Rubidium Symbol- Rb Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 37 Atomic mass- 85.4678	Group-1 Period-5 Block-s	2.8.18.8.1
38	Name- Strontium Symbol- Sr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 38 Atomic mass- 87.62	Group-2 Period-5 Block-s	2.8.18.8.2
39	Name- Yttrium Symbol- Y Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 39 Atomic mass- 88.90584	Group-3 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.9.2
40	Name- Zirconium Symbol- Zr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 40 Atomic mass- 91.224	Group-4 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.10.2
41	Name- Niobium Symbol- Nb Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 41 Atomic mass- 92.90637	Group-5 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.12.1
42	Name- Molybdenum Symbol- Mo Property- Metallic	Atomic number-42 Atomic mass- 95.95	Group-6 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.13.1
43	Name- Technetium Symbol- Tc Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 43 Atomic mass- 98 (longest-lived isotope)	Group-7 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.14.1
44	Name- Ruthenium Symbol- Ru Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 44 Atomic mass- 101.07	Group-8 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.15.1
45	Name- Rhodium Symbol- Rh Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 45 Atomic mass- 102.90550	Group-9 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.16.1
46	Name- Palladium Symbol- Pd Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 46 Atomic mass- 106.42	Group-10 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.18.0
47	Name- Silver Symbol- Ag Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 47 Atomic mass- 107.8682	Group-11 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.18.1
48	Name- cadmium Symbol- Cd Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 48 Atomic mass- 112.414	Group-12 Period-5 Block-d	2.8.18.18.2
49	Name- indium Symbol- In Property- Metallic	Atomic number-49 Atomic mass- 114.818	Group-13 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.3
50	Name- Tin Symbol- Sn Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 50 Atomic mass- 118.710	Group-14 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.4
51	Name- Antimony Symbol- Sb Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 51 Atomic mass- 121.760	Group-15 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.5
52	Name- Tellurium Symbol- Te Property- Semi-metallic	Atomic number- 52 Atomic mass- 127.60	Group-16 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.6
53	Name- iodine Symbol- I Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 53 Atomic mass- 126.90447	Group-17 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.7
54	Name- Xenon Symbol- Xe Property- Non-metallic	Atomic number- 54 Atomic mass- 131.293	Group-18 Period-5 Block-p	2.8.18.18.8
55	Name- Caesium Symbol- Cs Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 55 Atomic mass- 132.90545196	Group-1 Period-6 Block-s	2.8.18.18.8.1
56	Name- Barium Symbol- Ba Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 56 Atomic mass- 137.327	Group-2 Period-6 Block-s	2.8.18.18.8.2
57	Name- Lanthanum Symbol- La Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 57 Atomic mass- 138.90547	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.18.9.2
58	Name- Cerium Symbol- Ce Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 58 Atomic mass- 140.116	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.19.9.2
59	Name- Praseodymium Symbol- Pr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 59 Atomic mass- 140.90766	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.21.8.2
60	Name- Neodymium Symbol- Nd Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 60 Atomic mass- 144.242	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.22.8.2
61	Name- Promethium Symbol- Pm Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 61 Atomic mass- 145	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.23.8.2
62	Name- Samarium Symbol- Sm Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 62 Atomic mass- 150.36	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.24.8.2
63	Name- Europium Symbol- Eu Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 63 Atomic mass- 151.964	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.25.8.2
64	Name- gadolinium Symbol- Gd Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 64 Atomic mass- 157.25	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.25.9.2
65	Name- Terbium Symbol-Tb Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 65 Atomic mass- 158.92535	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.27.8.2
66	Name- Dysprosium Symbol- Dy Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 66 Atomic mass- 162.500	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.28.8.2
67	Name- Holmium Symbol- Ho Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 67 Atomic mass- 164.93033	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.29.8.2
68	Name- Erbium Symbol- Er Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 68 Atomic mass- 167.259	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.30.8.2
69	Name- Thulium Symbol- Tm Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 69 Atomic mass- 168.93422	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.31.8.2
70	Name- Ytterbium Symbol- Yb Property-	Atomic number- 70 Atomic mass- 173.045	Group- Lanthanide Period-6 Block-f	2.8.18.32.8.2
71	Name- lutetium Symbol- Lu Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 71 Atomic mass- 174.9668	Group-3 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.9.2
72	Name- Hafnium Symbol- Hf Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 72 Atomic mass- 178.49	Group-4 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.10.2
73	Name- Tantalum Symbol- Ta Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 73 Atomic mass- 180.94788	Group-5 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.11.2
74	Name- Tungsten Symbol- W Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 74 Atomic mass- 183.84	Group-6 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.12.2
75	Name- Rhenium Symbol- Re Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 75 Atomic mass- 186.207	Group-7 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.13.2
76	Name- Osmium Symbol- Os Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 76 Atomic mass- 190.23	Group-8 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.14.2
77	Name- iridium Symbol- Ir Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 77 Atomic mass- 192.217	Group-9 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.15.2
78	Name- Platinum Symbol- Pt Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 78 Atomic mass- 195.084	Group-10 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.17.1
79	Name- Gold Symbol- Au Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 79 Atomic mass- 196.966569	Group-11 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.18.1
80	Name- Mercury Symbol- Hg Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 80 Atomic mass- 200.592	Group-12 Period-6 Block-d	2.8.18.32.18.2
81	Name- Thallium Symbol- Ti Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 81 Atomic mass- 204.38	Group-13 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.3
82	Name- Lead Symbol- Pb Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 82 Atomic mass- 207.2	Group-14 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.4
83	Name- Bismuth Symbol- Bi Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 83 Atomic mass- 208.98040	Group-15 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.5
84	Name- Polonium Symbol- Po Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 84 Atomic mass- 209	Group-16 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.6
85	Name- Astatine Symbol- At Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 85 Atomic mass- 210	Group-17 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.7
86	Name- Radon Symbol- Rn Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 86 Atomic mass- 222	Group-18 Period-6 Block-p	2.8.18.32.18.8
87	Name- Francium Symbol- Fr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 87 Atomic mass- 223	Group-1 Period-7 Block-s	2.8.18.32.18.8.1
88	Name- Radium Symbol- Ra Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 88 Atomic mass- 226	Group-2 Period-7 Block-s	2.8.18.32.18.8.2
89	Name- Actinium Symbol- Ac Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 89 Atomic mass- 227	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.18.9.2
90	Name- Thorium Symbol- Th Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 90 Atomic mass- 232.0377	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.18.10.2
91	Name- Protactinium Symbol- Pa Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 91 Atomic mass- 231.03588	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.20.9.2
92	Name- Uranium Symbol- U Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 92 Atomic mass- 238.02891	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.21.9.2
93	Name- Neptunium Symbol- Np Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 93 Atomic mass- 237	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.22.9.2
94	Name- Plutonium Symbol- Pu Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 94 Atomic mass- 244	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.24.8.2
95	Name-Americium Symbol- Am Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 95 Atomic mass- 243	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.25.8.2
96	Name- Curium Symbol- Cu Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 96 Atomic mass- 247	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.25.9.2
97	Name- Berkelium Symbol- Bk Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 97 Atomic mass- 247	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.27.8.2
98	Name- Californium Symbol- Cf Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 98 Atomic mass- 251	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.28.8.2
99	Name- Einsteinium Symbol- Es Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 99 Atomic mass- 252	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.29.8.2
100	Name- Fermium Symbol- Fm Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 100 Atomic mass- 257	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.30.8.2
101	Name- Mendelevium Symbol- Md Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 101 Atomic mass- 258	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.31.8.2
102	Name- Nobelium Symbol- No Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 102 Atomic mass- 259	Group-Actinoid Period-7 Block-f	2.8.18.32.32.8.2
103	Name- Lawrencium Symbol- Lr Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 103 Atomic mass- 262	Group-3 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.9.2
104	Name- Rutherfordium Symbol- Rf Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 104 Atomic mass- 267	Group-4 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.10.2
105	Name- Dubnium Symbol- Db Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 105 Atomic mass- 270	Group-5 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.11.2
106	Name- Seaborgium Symbol- Sg Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 106 Atomic mass- 269	Group-6 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.12.2
107	Name- Bohrium Symbol- Bh Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 107 Atomic mass- 270	Group-7 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.13.2
108	Name- Hassium Symbol- Hs Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 108 Atomic mass- 269	Group-8 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.14.2
109	Name- Meitnerium Symbol- Mt Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 109 Atomic mass- 278	Group-9 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.15.2
110	Name- Darmstadtium Symbol- Ds Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 110 Atomic mass- 281	Group-10 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.17.1
111	Name- Roentgenium Symbol- Rg Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 111 Atomic mass- 281	Group-11 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.18.1
112	Name- Copernicium Symbol- Cn Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 112 Atomic mass- 285	Group-12 Period-7 Block-d	2.8.18.32.32.18.2
113	Name- nihonium Symbol- Nh Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 113 Atomic mass- 286	Group-13 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.3
114	Name- flerovium Symbol- Fl Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 114 Atomic mass- 289	Group-14 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.4
115	Name- moscovium Symbol- Mc Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 115 Atomic mass- 289	Group-15 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.5
116	Name- livermorium Symbol- Lv Property- Metallic	Atomic number- 116 Atomic mass- 293	Group-16 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.6
117	Name- tennessine Symbol- Ts Property- N/A	Atomic number- 117 Atomic mass- 293	Group-17 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.7
118	Name- oganesson Symbol- Og Property- Non-metalic	Atomic number- 118 Atomic mass- 294	Group-18 Period-7 Block-p	2.8.18.32.32.18.8

How many parts are in the periodic table

On the basis of valence electrons, the periodic table is divided into 18 groups, 7 periods, and four blocks. There are 118 known elements in the periodic table, and it is categorized as these elements in the 18 groups, 7 periods, and four blocks. well, let’s understand what is a Group, Period, and block in the periodic table.

what is a Group in the periodic table?

The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups. there are 18 groups in the modern periodic table. But there were 7 periods and 8 groups in Mendeleev’s periodic table. The number of electrons in the outermost orbitals of atoms and the number of protons in the nucleus increase as you move from left to right in the periodic table. The ability of an atom to lose an electron decreases also.

what is a Period in the periodic table?

The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as periods. and there are 7 periods in the modern periodic table. The periodic table is organized into periods, which are sections based on the number of electrons each element contains. The first period of the periodic table is the group 1 elements, which contain one or two electrons in their outermost shells.

what is a Block in the periodic table?

A block is a group of atoms that share a common characteristic, such as chemical properties, atomic number, or crystal structure. Blocks are also called periods. there are 4 Blocks in the periodic table.

• S-Block – groups 1 and 2
• P-Block – groups 13 to 18
• D-Block – groups 3 to 12
• F-Block – Lanthanide and Actinide

The elements in a block share similar chemical behavior and tend to have similar properties and characteristics. The four known blocks are the noble gases, the transition metals, the periodic table, and the elements of the periodic table in order to noble gases.

S Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

In the modern periodic table, The elements of Group 1 and Group 2 are called S-block elements. these elements are Soft Metals, Possess Low Melting And Boiling Points, Have The Largest Atomic Radius In Their Corresponding Periods. these are all S Block Elements that are Good Conductors Of Heat And Electricity. They Have Low Values Of Ionization Energies And Are Hence Highly Electropositive. There are 14 elements are present in S-block that is Following

• Hydrogen (H)
• Lithium (Li)
• Helium (He)
• Sodium (Na)
• Beryllium (Be)
• Potassium (K)
• Magnesium (Mg)
• Rubidium (Rb)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Cesium (Cs)
• Strontium (Sr)
• Francium (Fr)
• Barium (Ba)
• Radium (Ra)

D Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

The elements present in the third to the twelfth group in the modern periodic table are called D Block Elements. The D-Block Elements Are known as Transition Metals. these are categorized into four columns

• 3d- Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn
• 4d- Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd
• 5d- La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg
• 6d- incomplete.

P Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

P block elements are present from the 13th to 18th group in the periodic table. P block elements whose atomic number increases with the addition of electrons to the p-subshells of their outer shell are called p-block elements. The elements in the p-block of the periodic table include metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Metals element list in the periodic table

Aluminum

Gallium

Indium

Thallium

Tin

Lead

Bismuth

Non-Metals element list in the periodic table

Helium	Fluorine	Chlorine	Krypton
Carbon	Neon	Argon	Iodine
Nitrogen	Phosphorus	Selenium	Xenon
Oxygen	Sulfur	Bromine	Radon

Metalloids element listed in the periodic table

Boron	Germanium	Antimony	Polonium
Silicon	Arsenic	Tellurium	Astatine

F-Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

The place of the elements of the f block is in the third group of the periodic table and these elements are found in the sixth and seventh periods. F Block is divided into two categories i) Lanthanoid ii) Actinoid. let’s learn about F-Block Elements, Properties, and Configurations

(I) Lanthanoid series list:  14 elements are included in this series, this table is also called lanthanon. And the first element of this series is Lanthanum (La). That’s why they are called lanthanide elements. The list of lanthanide elements is given below.

• Lanthanum
• Cerium
• Praseodymium
• Neodymium
• Promethium
• Samarium
• Europe
• Gadolinium
• Terbium
• Dysprosium
• Holmium
• Erbium
• Thulium
• Ytterbium
• Lutetium

(ii) Actinoid series:  14 elements are also found in this series. Actinium (Ac) is placed first in this table, hence it is called the actinoid element or element of actinon series. 

• Actinium (Ac)
• Thorium (Th)
• Protactinium (Pa)
• Uranium (U)
• Neptunium (Np)
• Plutonium (Pu)
• Americium (Am)
• Curium (Cm)
• Berkelium (Bk)
• Californium (Cf)
• Einsteinium (It)
• Fermium (Fm)
• Mendelevium (Md)
• Nobel Prize (No)
• Lawrencium (Lr)

What is the Noble Gases in Periodic Table

Noble gases are placed in the 18th group in the periodic table. All these gases are odorless, colorless, and have very little chemical reactivity.

• Helium (He)
• Neon (No)
• Argon (Ar)
• Krypton (Kr)
• Xenon (Vehicle)
• Radon (Rn)
• Oganesson (Og)

What are the uses of the periodic table in chemistry

The periodic table is one of the most famous discoveries in the history of science, the periodic table is a map of all the elements, arranged in a system that shows their properties and how they are related. The table was a breakthrough in the field of chemistry, which used to be a field of alchemy, and it revolutionized the study of matter.

The periodic table was the work of a few people, but it was the result of decades of research and experimentation. The table was a culmination of all this work, and it has helped scientists understand and treat disease, discover new materials, and build modern technology.

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